They thought that their blood was going to be used to dye the ships sails, and that their fat to grease her keel. It is estimated that in forty years Peter Claver instructed and baptized over 300,000 slaves. The gruesome list goes on and on: coarse horsehair cords tied around his toes, arms, and legs; sharp pointed crosses, strapped by more coarse rope around his chest and back; a sharp studded girdle about his lions and thighs. Arriving at the shack where the men lay writing in the mud, the gentle doctor lifted them up one by one onto some dry mats. Father Claver never tired of persuading the slaves from the occasions of sin or of urging the owners to care for the souls of the slaves; he became so great a moral force in Cartagena that a story is told of a slave frightening off a prostitute who was pestering him in the street saying, Look, here comes Father Claver. And the woman ran away. The crude picture graphically portrayed the Crucified Christ with His Precious Blood pouring from His Wounds into a basin. But his sullen-ness and even the sadness reflected from his deep-set eyes were not the result of his excessive mortification. In 1602 he entered the Society of Jesus. As the affable Jesuit ate and drank nd conversed with the delighted crew, the Englishmen, somewhat won over already by his manners, so contrary to what they had heard of Jesuits, requested that the priest meet their venerable archdeacon, who happened to have been captured along with them. Though the other young missionaries who were chosen along with our saint received Holy Orders before they departed, Claver decided not to take upon himself the awesome privilege. My grateful thanks to Blessed Mary . The religious there used to say that their welcome friend, Father Claver, did the work of forty men. Not otherwise could he ever hope to arouse in them shame and contrition for their sins more perfect than that evoked by the picture of hell which he held up as a warning. Upon careful interrogation, even though the whole household had assumed otherwise, the wise priest perceived that she had never been baptized. That is why Saint Peter Claver traveled such a lonely road. Instantly his conscience accused him, and ashamed of his cowardice, he retired to a corner of the room and delivered himself a brutal scourging, confessing all the while his fault in not loving enough one who was redeemed by the Precious Blood of Christ. As the transplanted Africans struggled to comprehend the evil that had befallen them, their intrinsic spiritual natures discovered something unique in America they had not seen before a fully articulated ritual relationship with the Supreme Being, who was pictured in the book Christians called the Bible not just as Creator and Ruler, but also as the God of History, a God who lifted up and cast down nations and peoples. For the Christian women he had dresses. 1615, he was ordained a priest of God at Cartagenas Cathedral, at the side altar at the right side of the sanctuary that remains to this day. This collection, which dates from 1904 to 2009, with bulk dates of 1980 to 1994, consists of records and materials evidencing the workings of the church and its community, primarily . It was November 1615. An epidemic had spread again, and the saint began to feel its bite in his own flesh as he returned from a mission to his slaves in one of the outlying villages. His religious profession was written with his own hand and signed thus, Peter Claver, slave of the slaves, forever. That forever meant thirty more years of a grueling monotony, the accomplishments of which would have sufficed to fulfill the lives of ten apostles. Overcome with nausea, the admiring priest had to leave the room, but despite his own weakness, he never ceased praising the heroic virtue of Claver, publicizing it even in Rome. Arrange a private group tour by clicking the link below or by calling (314) 231-9407. When he is overloaded, he is dumb. If you have already donated, we sincerely thank you. . Lima in Peru had five- Saint Rose, Saint Francis Solano, Saint Martin de Porres, Saint Turibius, and Saint John Massias. THE Apostolate of St. Peter Claver is unique. Claver went to the door of the room in which the man was quarantined. After the Mass the saint happily accepted an invitation to dine with them- for he recognized in so doing a tremendous opportunity to save souls. When the Jesuits finally succeeded in establishing a proper place for the body in the church, the Augustinians came and took over the exhausting job of guarding the casket. Before parting from his beloved teacher, Claver was given a unique privilege, a privilege not granted to any other student, of keeping the spiritual notes that Brother Alphonsus had personally written for him. Jesuits were already ministering in North America among the Great Lakes native peoples on up through Canada. We have before us a most extraordinary saint- unquestionably the most extraordinary saint who ever walked this earth. | Prioress: Sister Marie Thrse, M.I.C.M. Some rights reserved. By far the greatest damage the devil suffered from Father Claver was in the confessional, though some of us may cringe when we consider his methods of extracting vice. He died in 1654. But the scanty amount of food proved a blessing to many, who, afflicted with disease, would have been consumed more rapidly if they had had a healthier diet. The missionaries expenses were paid for by the Catholic King, Philip III, who had requested from all his provinces at least one priest to be sent to the recently established kingdom of New Granada (Colombia) across the ocean. They turned their eyes to Africa to find that labor force. We asked them to make an act of contrition and to manifest their detestation of their sins. Brother Alonso, as the Spaniards called him, not only held the key to the college, but he also had the key to Peter Clavers heart. Cartagena was a central stopping point for this inhuman traffic. The two saints parted company in 1608. One he always made use of was a very amateurish, one might even respectfully say ugly, representation of the Judgment. Falling down before him, the veteran apostle kissed his feet. The animal took him swiftly all right when, for some strange reason (some witnesses felt the horse was temporarily bewitched), the gentle horse suddenly bolted, galloping wildly through the streets. Shortly after midnight, on the feast of Our Ladys Nativity September 8th, his face, which had the aspect of one ravished in God, suddenly took on the features of a man utterly exhausted. . . As a dressing for the wounds of the whipping, he wore over them a soothing full-length hairshirt. Cartagena was hit with five major epidemics during Clavers apostleship (1615-1654). In college, Claver met Alphonsus Rodriguez who was a porter at the college and that meeting was to set the direction of Peter Clavers life thereafter. He was as Arnold Lunn puts it, a divinitarian. The gift he gave the poor slaves was a gift infinitely more precious than sympathy, or even a miraculous cure (which he was quite often the instrument of). I will send more when I can. Many a despairing man who had been confined to bed due to the physical consequences of an irregular life would find the supernatural peace through the encouragement and charity of good Father Peter. The Novitiate in Tarragona was to our young novice a foretaste of the delights of the blessed in paradise. However, the consideration of the problem of his wife and family, who would resent the temporal loss that would go with his renouncing of the Church of England, prevented the weak man from doing his duty to God right away, though he did promise to do so before he died. Each one had to be taken apart and drilled, time and again, even in so simple a matter as making the sign of the cross or in learning the prayer of love and repentance that each had to know: Claver taught them to pray these words: Jesus Christ, Son of God, thou shalt be my Father and my Mother and all my good. The Catholic Church venerates St. Peter Claver as the patron saint of African Americans and slaves, but Claver himself was neither. Across the sea a ship arose on the horizon. Before pouring the cleansing water, he would ask them three times in a loud voice if they wanted to become Christians. This, of course, he had never done, except conditionally in cases of doubt, but he was nevertheless forbidden to baptize in the future. Often the English and French seawolves would prey on the Granadan coastline, firing cannon balls and wielding swords, looking for an opportune time to land and loot the city. But the criminals came from all over. Four years is a long time to be laid up. Daring explorers had sailed west and conquered new territories for the crown. Only death could drag hi away. Kind and patient to all, for some of his penitents he prescribed the remedy of hairshirts and scourges. Peter, St. Claver died fifty years later on the feastday of the Black Virgin, which is also her birthday, September 8th. Two years later there was another miracle at the church, and then another, and another. These kinds of individuals stood out from among the rest. His memorial is celebrated on September 9. Large numbers of the sick were lying on the wet ground or rather in puddles of mud. Once, when commended for his apostolic zeal, he replied, It ought to be so but there is nothing but self indulgence in it; it is the result of my enthusiastic and impetuous temperament. To care for the slaves he must totally subject his own flesh and subdue it. When he viewed their deplorable condition and saw the fear in their faces, he broke down and cried. This was his city. St Peter Claver College. very silent and reserved. Permission was not at first granted and Claver was ordered instead to return to the college at Barcelona for more study in theology. It didnt come quickly. St Peter is known as the "Apostle to the Slaves." Tellingly, she named it after the Jesuit who tried to alleviate the suffering of African slaves transported to South America in the early seventeenth century, is estimated to have personally baptised around 300,000 people, and became the patron saint of slaves and seafarers. Because, he continued, your sufferings have opened for you the gates of Paradise. He turned their inevitable suffering into a cause for joy. It was there, at Seville, while waiting to leave for New Granada, that the soon-to-be apostle of the Negroes first laid his compassionate eyes upon the suffering slaves. This last mentioned convict was executed by strangulation. So Claver gave it none- except what was absolutely necessary to sustain life. If their depraved keepers were particularly cruel, they left the dead as they were, chained to the living, below the decks, where no fresh air could enter to relieve them even slightly. Many of the lepers could not speak at all; they could only look at him, if they had eye, and touch the tears on his cheeks while they moaned some sort of guttural, Thank you.. After all, it is a lot easier to love those who are clean than to love those who are not. In 1853 Ignatius Strecker had brought his family from Germany to the United States, and in 1861 he was working at St. Louis in a soap factory. As he was being carried back to his room he said to one of the brothers, I am going to die; what do you desire of me in the next life? That you recommend this city and house to God, answered the brother. Despite Father Clavers agonizing condition, the brutal attendant, when he had to dress him for a visit to the chapel, would shove him around with no sense of delicacy, yanking the aching victim here and there in frustration, as he clumsily clothed him. However, it also drew pirates. Cartagena needed a saint. But then, America did not give up on the idea. St Peter Claver College. To remain a heretic, a pagan, or a bad Catholic, and live in the same city as Peter Claver, was quite an accomplishment in obduracy. The priest watched as the saint caressed the ulcerous patient like a mother, and then put his lips to the most pestiferous of his sores. He found employment in a local soap factory. Smallpox, scurvy, and other deadly plagues spread like wildfire below the deck, due to the lack of any sanitation. They were packed together like sardines in a can, left to wallow in their own sweat, vomit, urine and human waste. Someone told the saint about their plight. The holy priest would bend over, and with his own arms, he would lift up the sickliest. And for two months they had heard nothing but abusive speech. He studied at the Jesuit college of Barcelona, entered the Jesuit novitiate at Tarragona in 1602 and took his final vows on August 8th, 1604. His hands and clothing were instantly covered with infectious filth. In 1853, Ignatius Strecker, a native of Germany, arrived in St. Louis, Missouri, with his wife and nine children. His loving solicitude for these co-laborers was so great that if any of them fell sick he would give them his own bed, while he slept on the floor next to the sick man, so that he might be able to wait on him continually. "No, no. Our patron, Peter Claver was a Spaniard, from Spain. The Africans and Indians arranged for a Mass of their own to which the Spanish authorities were invited; the church was ablaze with lights, a special choir sang and an oration was delivered by the treasurer of the church of Popayan, where the diaries say of the speaker no other preacher was more diffuse on the virtues, holiness, heroism and stupendous miracles of Father Claver.. He would never let it go beyond a half-hour because he felt that a lengthy Mass in the tropical heat would stifle devotion rather than kindle it. There were two blacks, nearer death than life, already cold, whose pulse could scarcely be detected. An abominable situation indeed, from the black side, no less than from the white. Nothing could be done to keep them away. His austerities, which will be described later, would make even holy Job shudder. For this extraordinary Jesuit, whose life we are about to study, the arrival of a slave ship was like the homecoming of a long lost son. Near the confessional he also had holy books with pictures of the Passion, which he insisted that all the people ponder before they confessed. Another saint whom he had known at school in Majorca, Saint Alphonsus Rodriguez, revealed his road in life to him. Thank you. Out from these massive bulwarks of stone peered formidable artillery batteries and sentinel boxes, where watchmen scoured the horizon for an enemy sail. They knew he meant what he said and what he said was true. How many souls in America might be sent to heaven by priests who are idle in Europe?. It was during these scourges that the holy mans heroic charity was such a spectacle for even the angels to behold. He had felt the nails, he had habitually endured the bitterness of lifes vinegar and gall, he had been mocked; but as yet Claver was never alone. Holding up the crucifix on a staff for all to see, he let them behold what their sins had done to their Creator. Though Father Sandoval, the founder of the slave apostolate, had only just initiated his new assistant in the care of the blacks, the veteran missioner was shortly thereafter recalled to Peru; consequently, he had to bestow the entire apostolate upon Father Claver. When he is evilly spoken of, he is dumb. At night in death row, instead of cries of despair, was often heard the crack of a penitential scourge which the saint had left behind saying, Suffer now, my brother, and make the best of the brief time remaining you.. During the time that the blacks spent in the sheds, they were penned so closely that they had to sleep almost upon one another and, thereby, freely handed on their diseases nonetheless, Claver was seen caring for the bodies of the sick and the souls of all. top of page. To Claver, they were all important. Mt 4:1-11). #Saint pf September 9 : St. Peter Claver a Miracle Worker and the Patron of #Racism, Slaves and #AfricanAmericans. A witness testified to the Office of Inquisition in Cartagena that, on one occasion, he had seen several Negroes floating naked around the ceiling in a house at night after dabbling in this witchcraft. He was no egotistic eccentric who delighted in doing daring things for the sake of being unique! The first principle in his instructions to his helpers was centered in the corporal works of mercy. A third interment sees Claver today buried under the high altar dressed in priestly vestments while enclosed in glass for the veneration of the faithful. T he second miracle took place in St. Louis. To Cartagena, flatteringly known as the Pearl of the Indies, all kinds of adventurers found their way. But for every chore he performed, whether it was sweeping the floors, changing linens, washing clothes or dishes, or cooking, the visiting Jesuit, in his humility, always first asked permission of the Superior. About a third of them died on the forced journey from Africa and many more would lose their lives in the subsequent years . The Gospel of this first Sunday of Lent presents to us Jesus in the desert, tempted by the devil (cf. O, holy brother of my soul, what a field lies here opened to your zeal! The college was run by the Society of Jesus- a new order founded by Ignatius of Loyola, who had honored Catalonia as the land of his conversion and labors. Finally he approached the man, heard his confession, kissed his wounds, and applied his own tongue to the most offensive. With its ideal natural harbor, Cartagena became a stopping point for ships, or galleons, as they were called, on their way to and from the homeland. Europeans and their ways, even their religion, met with suspicion and, in instances, outright hostility among some of the natives of the New World. He was born in 1580 in a little town of Spain called Verdu in the diocese of Solfona and he was baptized Peter. One day, after offering a funeral Mass for one of these converts, he decided to visit the obstinate patient. Why? It was Father Claver. For the infirm he would come out of his stuffy box and often set them on his knees so as to accommodate them more easily, and after he was through, he would invite them all for a little breakfast. The Reformed churchmen looked on in a kind of curious awe as they watched the majesty of a ceremony they had heard so reviled. According to reports Medina faces up to 35 years to life in prison for the murder. Give it the least bit of pampering and it will want more and more. In this prison there were detained slaves, who re-lived the dark pagan rituals in the hot forest nights, side by side with certain clerics who would not keep their vow of chastity. Carrying two baskets of oranges, lemons, sweet biscuits, and I know not what else, we hurried toward them. Then we divided the sick into two groups: one group my companion approached with an interpreter, while I addressed the other group. But since his parents had dedicated Peter at birth to the ecclesiastical state, this tragedy only strengthened the youths conviction that he must not live for this world. Copyright 2004-2020 Saint Benedict Center, Richmond, New Hampshire. Saint Peter Claver Church was established in 1931 to serve the African American community of greater Montclair, New Jersey. We made every effort to encourage them with friendly gestures and displayed in their presence the emotions which somehow naturally tend to hearten the sick. Spain brought a cease to trafficking in slaves in 1850. When by their answers to our questions they showed they had sufficiently understood this, we went on to a more extensive instruction, namely, about the one God, who rewards and punishes each one according to his merit, and the rest. A sign of new things over the horizon was registered in the coined term The New World. To feel the bite of chains clasped upon them and to be shoved into the dark belly of a floating monster, not knowing what fate awaited them. Alphonsus is accused of firing-up in Claver the idea of going to the help of unfortunates who were without spiritual ministrations in the colonies of the New World. In a second, a priest opened it. Claver couldnt remove the cross but he could make it sweet. Established in 1909, in an era of state-sanctioned racial and ethnic discrimination, the Knights of Peter Claver forged into a service organization for the entire family founded on Black. Be at my window and direct me through when the vision blurs From out of the blue. St. Peter Claver Parish, which was founded in 1886 and administered by the Holy Ghost (Spiritan) Fathers, was Philadelphia's first designated African American parish. St. Peter Claver (1580-1654) was a Jesuit who, due to his life and work, became the patron saint of slaves, Colombia and African Americans. The fleet of three galleons set sail on April 10, 1610. The whites were also affected. One Turkish galley slave had resisted Clavers pleadings for over twenty years when the saint heard that a sickness had put him at deaths door. There were times when the streets of Cartagena and other more viable settlements would flow with blood from such cruel assaults. I was able to track down the . Others were captured at random especially able bodied males and females deemed suitable for labor and breeding. The fathers immediately took him to a more suitable room than his own cell to recuperate. Play over 320 million tracks for free on SoundCloud. The Catholic Church enjoyed an uneasy peace throughout Europe in the 1600s. Creative Commons Attribution - Share Alike License. Blacks were forced here, captured, bartered, and purchased from territories of the west coast of Africa what is today the Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Ghana, Benin and other places deeper in the continent stretching as far as the Congo. Carry me safely to my destined place, like you carried Christ in your close embrace. Church law forbade a master to hold a slave who wanted to become a priest. And suffering is to sin what medicine is to sickness. Two orders, the Trinitarians and the Order of Mercy had this for their object. In the history of God's Saints we read of heroic souls giving themselves as slaves in exchange for Christian captives. During Lent and on the major feat days, he would go about the city inviting all to a thorough house cleaning. When a language was unuasually remote, Father Peter would have to speak through a chain of five or six interpreters to get across his message. He is known as the "Apostle of the West Indies" and the "Slave to the Slaves." Peter Claver was born in Verdu, Catalonia, on July 26, 1580, of prosperous parents. He drew them by his humility and his Christlikeness. Saint Peter's Mount consists of limestone, which is called 'mergel' in Limburg. The diocese is located in Navsarni Kendra, Savantvadi, India, Maharashtra. It reached its climax in a pilgrimage to the beloved Spanish shrine of the Black Virgin of Montserrat. Lifting his hands, they watered them with tears, crying out that they had lost their greatest friend and protector. Protect Your Family Resources News VIDEO NOW AVAILABLE: Dismantling Systemic Racism in America February 27, 2023 To the cynical mind the trust of this extraordinary priest in the goodness of human nature must have seem nave and no doubt could he have known he would have been far more often disappointed than not. The ship would then be loaded up with the extracted gold and silver and other new-world products destined for Spain. All of them died on the spot. To the masters and slave owners Claver appealed for physical and spiritual justice, for their own sakes no less than for that of their slaves. 1- Peter Heals the Crippled Beggar, Acts 3 1One day Peter and John were going up to the temple at the time of prayerat three in the afternoon. Claver would say frequently: We must speak to them with our hands before we try to speak to them with our lips. When he came upon any who were dying he baptized them and then sought out all babies born on the voyage that he might baptize them. The Apostle of Cartagena worse a serious face. Everything to that time was old. Though it was Gods will for our saint to be forgotten before he left this life, it was also His will that in death His humble servant be exalted. Herbs, potatoes, a little rice, or a banana made up his diet; a mat on a board with a log for a pillow made up his bed; only three hours of the night were occupied in an attempt at rest; and then there were his penances. Baptism was received with such an emotion of joy as to move the hardest heart. This steady concourse lasted until nightfall when the Fathers insisted on sending the people away and closing the doors. From whom does the devil want to divide Jesus? We laid aside our cloaks, therefore, and brought from a warehouse whatever was handy to build a platform. In fact, her body was being prepared for the funeral shroud. This army was a militia of charity; its commander-in-chief was Father Peter Claver, a Jesuit, the hero of our story. St. Peter Claver. to peoples judged, by the impoverished social consciousness of that time, substandard in their origin, purpose and development. The experience and practice of years never accustomed him to it.. The following prayer service is an adaptation of the Liturgy of the Hours, and can be prayed individually or with a group. It officially closed in. These heroic acts of sublime love for his neighbor were by no means natural to Claver. To protect themselves, the citys inhabitants, with the added muscle of the slaves, built huge sixty-foot-thick walls to repel such attacks. Visit the website Show place on Google Maps. Much as he loved to visit the hospital of Saint Sebastian, the leprosarium of Saint Lazarus occupied the tenderest place in Clavers magnanimous heart. So repulsive was his sickness that no one dares to go near him, lest they contract the infection. In teaching his pupils religion he loved to use pictures. For two days the people marched past the sacred remains with great solemnity and emotion, kissing his hands and feet; first the nobles, and finally the Negroes. Your captains and mates must neither have dainty fingers nor dainty noses,few men are fit for these voyages but them that are bred up to it. Let us begin, In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Perhaps their dissatisfaction with themselves was the underlying cause of their cruelty, much like a man who has been a failure takes out his resentment on a dog. But what made this Jesuit in Cartagena a saint was not only his detachment from the world and attachment to Christ, but along with that, an astounding ability to reduce potency to act. They lay there together, in fear, like sardines, naked and bleeding in the cold damp of winter or the excruciating heat of summer, with but one daily feeding of corn and water to sustain them. He related to his confessor that in one of his visions he was taken to the abode of the blessed by his guardian angel, who pointed out to him those magnificent jeweled thrones described in the Apocalypse. On September sixth, two Negroes carried Father Claver to the chapel where he received Holy Communion with the devotion of a seraph. The joy in their eyes as they looked at us was something to see. Their bodies were hastily thrown overboard to the sharks. The son of a Catalonian farmer, was born at Verdu, in 1581; he died on the 8th of September, 1654. He was sent to study at the University of Barcelona. Saint Paul, who never actually condemned slavery as such, nevertheless elevated the slave as equal in Gods eyes to the free, thereby inflicting slavery with a mortal wound. St. Christo, A Catholic Priest and 3 Nuns were Killed in a Car Accident in India. On SoundCloud the Trinitarians and the Order of mercy had this for their object a Jesuit, citys. 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